NEOM: Saudi Arabiaโs Ambitious 2030 Mega Project (Part 1)
The $500bn project thatโs aimed to realize Saudi Vision 2030, supported by Crown Prince MBS
[์์ฆ๋ค ์๊ณ ๋ผ / ํฉ์ฐฌ์ ๊ธฐ์] In 2017, crown prince Mohammed Bin Salman announced nationwide plans to build a megacity in the northwest region of Saudi Arabia. Expanding around a 26,500 kmยฒ flat desert area and overlooking the Red sea (transcontinental region accounting 10% of global trade), “Neom” was announced to serve as a global hub for trade and Saudi Arabia’s new economic zone, thanks to its potential $500bn investments from the Kingdom, Saudi Public Investment Fund, and foreign investor capital.
Come 2021, MBS further announced “The Line”: a futuristic, carbon neutral city with over a million inhabitants and no roads, laid out as a 170km long strip of urban land shaped by unified services and one-way transportation infrastructure.
โPlaying an integral role to Neomโs ambitions as a futuristic, economic zone, establishments like โthe Lineโ are expected to foster innovation and sustainability. Likewise, the city will be โbuilt around natureโ as โa response to some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today, such as legacy infrastructure, pollution, traffic and human congestionโ, according to the Saudi Press Agency. Along the same lines, the removal of congested roads and private vehicles is not expected to burden the cityโs inhabitants since โall essential daily services, such as schools, medical clinics, leisure facilities, and as well as green spaces will be located within a five-minute walkโ.
Perhaps, outlines by NEOM show high speed trains and self-operating freight vehicles running in โan invisible layer of infrastructureโ beneath the city. For extended travelling, inhabitants will have access to โultra-high-speed transit and autonomous mobility solutionsโ that will take โno journey longer than 20 minutesโ. Notably, such roadways will be built one-way, spanning from one end to the other within the different segments of the 170km belt. The city, considered to be a beacon of the Vision 2030 strategic plan, will also be run with the integration of artificial intelligence, advanced by machine learning and 5G systems that will enhance the quality of life, all while eliminating the need for menial tasks, such as contracting services and maintenance work.
โAdditionally, energy will be circulated entirely from renewable sources (such as solar, wind and hydrogen-based power generation) and its physical infrastructure will be built โaround nature, instead of over itโ, which means in effect that almost 90% of what was there before the city is built will still be remain after work is completed.
โConstruction of the Line has already begun in the first quarter of 2021, and is currently being funded by Saudi’s Public Investment Fund. The progressive goal for years to come is to engage and advance with international projects, potentially attracting foreign companies and investors “with the aim of creating 380,000 jobs and adding $48bn a year to the kingdomโs GDP by 2030.”
At present, Neom is planning to launch and publicize its hotel services by the end of 2022. Andrew Mcevoy, head of the tourism sector at Neom, says, “We’re now under way, so we’re starting to develop our first assets, by the end of next year our first hotels will start to come out of the ground, there’s a lot of construction going on.”
They have also come in close partnership with numerous hotel brands such as Hilton and IHG in hopes to attract 1 million visitors by 2025. With Neomโs tourism sector forecasted to contribute $16 bn to Saudi Arabiaโs GDP by 2030, its current biggest goal is to fully capitalize on the commercial opportunities in harmony with the unique natural environment of the western coast, soon to be filled with scuba-diving and sight-seeing tourists.
(Continued in Part 2 โฆ )
< ๋ค์ด: ์ฌ์ฐ๋์๋ผ๋น์์ ์ผ์ฌ์ฐฌ 2030 ๋ฉ๊ฐ ํ๋ก์ ํธ 1ํธ >
MBS ์์ธ์๊ฐ ์ง์ํ๋ ์ฌ์ฐ๋ ๋น์ 2030 ์คํ
5์ฒ์ต ๋ฌ๋ฌ ๊ท๋ชจ์ ๋ฉ๊ฐ ํ๋ก์ ํธ
2017๋ ๋ชจํ๋ฉ๋ ๋น ์ด๋ง ์์ธ์๋ ์ฌ์ฐ๋ ๋ถ์๋ถ ์ง์ญ์ ๋๊ท๋ชจ ๊ฑด์ค ๊ณํ์ ๋ฐํํ๋ค. 2๋ง 6500 kmยฒ์ ํํํ ์ฌ๋ง์ง๋๋ฅผ ํ์ฅํ๊ณ ํํด(์ธ๊ณ ๋ฌด์ญ์ 10%๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์งํ๋ ๋๋ฅํก๋จ์ง์ญ)๊ฐ ๋ด๋ ค๋ค๋ณด์ด๋ ์ค๋งํธ ๋์ ‘๋ค์ด’์ ์ถ์งํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ๋ค์ด์ ์ฌ์ฐ๋ ๊ณต๊ณตํฌ์ํ๋ ํน๋ค๊ณผ ์ธ๊ตญ์ธ ํฌ์์๋ณธ์ 5์ฒ์ต ๋ฌ๋ฌ๊ฐ ํฌ์ ๋์ด ์ฌ์ฐ๋์ ์๋ก์ด ๊ฒฝ์ ์ง๊ตฌ๋ก์์ ์ญํ ์ ํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ธ๋ค.
2021๋ , MBS๋ ๋ ๋ผ์ธ(The Line)์ ์ถ๊ฐ๋ก ๋ฐํํ๋ค. “๋ ๋ผ์ธ(The Line)”์ ์ธ๊ตฌ 100๋ง ๋ช ์ด์์ด ์ฌ๋ ๋๋ก๊ฐ ์๋ ๋ฏธ๋ํ ํ์ ์ค๋ฆฝ ๋์๋ก, ํตํฉ ์๋น์ค์ ์ผ๋ฐฉํตํ ๊ตํต ์ธํ๋ผ๋ก ํ์ฑ๋ 170km ๊ธธ์ด์ ๋์์ด๋ค.
๋ผ์ธ์ ๋ฏธ๋ ์งํฅ์ ์ด๊ณ ๊ฒฝ์ ํน๊ตฌ์ธ ๋ค์ด์ ํ์์ ์ธ ์ญํ ์ ํ๋ฉฐ, ์ฌ๋ฌ ํ์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ๋์ ํด์ ์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ๋์๋ก ์ก์ฑํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๊ธฐ๋๋๋ค. ๋ํ, ์ฌ์ฐ๋ ์ธ๋ก ์ฌ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ด ๋์๋ ” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์์ค, ์ค์ผ, ๊ตํต ๋ฑ ์ค๋๋ ์ธ๋ฅ๊ฐ ์ง๋ฉดํ ๊ฐ์ฅ ์๊ธํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ๋์”์ผ๋ก “์นํ๊ฒฝ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฑด์ค๋ ๊ฒ”์ด๋ผ๊ณ ํ์๋ค. ๋์์ ๋ผ์ธ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ‘ํ๊ตยท์์ยท์ฌ๊ฐ์์ค ๋ฑ ํ์ ์ํ์๋น์ค๋ ๋ฌผ๋ก ๋ น์ง๊ณต๊ฐ๊น์ง ๋๋ณด 5๋ถ ์์ ๋ชจ๋ ๋ฐฐ์น๋๋ค’๋ ์ ์์ ํ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋์ ์์๋ ์๊ฐ์ฉ ์๋ ๋๋ก๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์ด ์๋ฏผ์๊ฒ ๋ถ๋ด์ ์ฃผ์ง ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์์๋๋ค.
๋ค์ด์ ๊ตํต ํต์ฌ์ ๊ณ ์ ์ด์ฐจ์ ์๊ฐ ์ดํ ํ๋ฌผ ์ฐจ๋์ด ๋์ ๋ฐ “๋ณด์ด์ง ์๋ ์ธํ๋ผ ์ธต”์ด๋ค. ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์๋ค์ 20๋ถ์์ “์ด๊ณ ์ ๊ตํต ๋ฐ ์์จ ์ด๋ ์๋จ”์ ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค. ํนํ, 170km ๋ฒจํธ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ์ ํ์ชฝ ๋์์ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ ๋๊น์ง ์ง์ ๋๋ก๋ก ๊ฑด์ค๋ ์์ ์ด๋ค. ๋น์ 2030 ์ ๋ต๊ณํ์ ์ ํธํ์ผ๋ก ๊ผฝํ๋ ์ด ๋์๋ ๊ณ์ฝ์๋น์ค, ์ ๋น์์ ๋ฑ ๋ ธ๋์์ ์์์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ค์ง๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋๋ผ, ์ธ๊ณต์ง๋ฅ์ ๋์ ๊ณผ 5G ์์คํ ์ ์ ๋ชฉํ์ฌ ์๋ํ๋ ์ํ๋ก ์ด์๋๋ค.
๋ํ, ์๋์ง๋ ์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์(ํ์๊ด, ํ๋ ฅ, ์์ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๋ฐ์ ๋ฑ)์์ ์ํ๋๋ฉฐ ๋ชจ๋ ์์ค์ ์นํ๊ฒฝ์ผ๋ก ๊ฑด์ค๋๋ค. ์ฆ, ๋์๊ฐ ๊ฑด์ค๋๊ธฐ ์ ์ ์๋ ์์ฐ์ 90%๊ฐ ์์ ์ด ์๋ฃ๋ ํ์๋ ๊ทธ๋๋ก ๋จ์ ์๊ฒ ๋๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
โ์ ๋ก ๊ฑด์ค์ ์ด๋ฏธ 2021๋ 1๋ถ๊ธฐ์ ์์๋์ผ๋ฉฐ, ํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ฐ๋ ๊ณต๊ณตํฌ์ํ๋๊ฐ ์๊ธ์ ์ง์ํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ํฅํ ๋ช ๋ ๊ฐ ์ฌ์ ์ ์ํํ๋ฉด์ “38๋ง ๊ฐ์ ์ผ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถํ๊ณ 2030๋ ๊น์ง ํ๊ตญ์ GDP์ ์ฐ๊ฐ 480์ต ๋ฌ๋ฌ๋ฅผ ์ง์ํ๋ค๋ ๋ชฉํ”๋ก ์ธ๊ตญ ๊ธฐ์ ๊ณผ ํฌ์์๋ฅผ ์ ์นํ ์์ ์ด๋ค.
ํ์ฌ ๋ค์ด์ 2022๋ ๋ง๊น์ง ํธํ ์๋น์ค๋ฅผ ์ถ์ํ๊ณ ํ๋ณดํ ๊ณํ์ด๋ค. ๋ค์ด์ ๊ด๊ด ๋ถ๋ฌธ ์ฑ ์์์ธ Andrew Mcevoy๋ “์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ง๊ธ ๊ณต์ฌ๋ฅผ ์์ํ๊ณ , ์ด์ ๊ณง ์ก์์ผ๋ก ํ์ธ์ด ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ๋ด๋ ๋ง๊น์ง ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์ง๋ ์ฒซ ํธํ ์ ๋ง๋ ์ ์๋ค.”๋ผ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค.
๊ทธ๋ค์ ํํผ๊ณผ IHG์ ๊ฐ์ ์๋ง์ ํธํ ๋ธ๋๋์ ๊ธด๋ฐํ ์ ํด๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ 2025๋ ๊น์ง 100๋ง ๋ช ์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ๊ฐ์ ์ ์นํ ๊ณํ์ด๋ค. ๋ค์ด์ ๊ด๊ด ๋ถ์ผ๊ฐ 2030๋ ๊น์ง ์ฌ์ฐ๋์๋ผ๋น์์ GDP์ 160์ต ๋ฌ๋ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์ ๋ง๋๋ ๊ฐ์ด๋ฐ, ํ์ฌ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํฐ ๋ชฉํ๋ ์๋ถ ํด์์ ๋ ํนํ ์์ฐํ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์กฐํ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์ด ์์ ์ ์ธ ์ธํ๋ผ๋ฅผ ํ์ฉํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณง ์ค์ฟ ๋ฒ ๋ค์ด๋น์ ํ๋ ค๋ ๊ด๊ด๊ฐ๋ค๋ก ์ฑ์์ง ๊ฒ์ ๊ธฐ๋ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
(2๋ถ์ ๊ณ์ โฆ)