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[Social] – Smart City

Illustration by Hayoon Lee (ASD Grade 11)

written by Jaehoon Jung (Hartland International School Dubai Year 9)

translated by Seunghoo Jung (DIA Year 12)

Currently, the urban population rate is at 55%. Meaning it is estimated that after 30 years, 7 out of 10 people would reside in cities. Such increase in population caused new problems and to combat these issues, Smart Cities are necessities. After the Industrial Revolution, the use of fuel and energy increased drastically, and cases of traffic issues increased. Crime per capita also increased with the number of environmental issues. The gap between the rich and the poor keeps increasing in turn causing conflict within the cities and issues regarding the lack of infrastructure. However, smart City may be the solution for it all.

Masdar city is a city project in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Masdar, as a subsidiary of Mubadala, is constructing a brand-new city with the materials provided by the government. The focus during the construction of Masdar City is to reduce the demand for water and energy and sustainable development through recycling and reusing waste materials. An example would be the cooling system. Instead of utilizing Air Conditioning (AC), to reduce energy use, they use a form of wind catcher. This allows the wind to be caught and cooled down through the fine atomizing device within the tower. The cold air becomes heavy enough for them to flow to the city. Now due to the shape of the city resembling a funnel, the air can flow smoothly throughout the city.

Netherland is another country that is developing a Smart city and is also led by its citizens rather than the government. In 2009, they created a platform in which citizens were able to suggest ideas regarding the Smart Cities. The ones that were deemed to be important were then sent to engineers and scientists so that they see how to implement them. Such effort from the citizens is what is driving the project forward. The main advantage about a people led Smart City project is that they are the ones aware of the pros and cons of a community, so they are most likely to suggest solutions that are the most realistic and practical. In addition, the platform allows the citizens to improve each otherโ€™s ideas as it is all led by them. The Kobel provides land for an affordable price but are fixing issues faced by cities through communication. In the past, they built shipyards that were in poor condition, but they were successful in transforming such a place to a clean environment. A strategy they utilized was the aquaponic system which had them fill two tanks of water with fish and once there was waste in it, they used to say plant to water the plants. Those plants were able to absorb the nutrients from the fish waste and this was the cycle.

There are Smart Cities present in our country (Korea). Amongst them is The New Sejong City which was the first city to be certified as a Level 3 Smart City. If let us say, there was an arson case in Songdo, automatic CCTV cameras would recognize the fire and call for help much faster than a normal human would be able to do. Also, there are warnings all around the streets and provide help packages via drones. Both Criminal and Arson cases are watched over by automatic CCTV cameras which then contact control centers. These Artificial Intelligence systems are learning more about human reaction and expression so that they can make improvements in their decision making.

There are 2 main advantages of a Smart City. The first is efficiency. If more Smart Cities are developed and made, the use of energy will reduce, issues that occur in our daily life will be fixed due to said efficiency (for example : arson cases). Smart City benefits are shared with all residents. Within a city, the gap between rich-poor is constantly changing due to the fluctuating nature of an economy. However, Smart Cities will be able to fix said issues due to providing the same benefits from one another. If we implement Smart Cities, there will be new export goods and in turn, benefit our economy.


written by Jaehoon Jung (Hartland International School Dubai Year 9)

ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋„์‹œ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋น„์œจ์€ 55%๋‹ค. ์•ฝ 30๋…„ ํ›„๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ 10๋ช… ์ค‘ 7๋ช…์€ ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”  ์…ˆ์ด๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์‹œํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช… ์ดํ›„ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด์ฆ๊ณผ ๊ตํ†ต ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทน์— ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋นˆ๋ถ€๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ์‹ฌํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋„์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ๋„ ์–‘๋ถ„ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‚™ํ›„๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ธํ”„๋ผ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

๋งˆ์Šค๋‹ค๋ฅด ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋Š” ์•„๋ž์—๋ฏธ๋ฆฌํŠธ ์•„๋ถ€๋‹ค๋น„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๋„์‹œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด๋ฐ” ๋‹ฌ๋ผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์žํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ ๋งˆ์Šค๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ถ€๋‹ค๋น„ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์ตœ์ฒจ๋‹จ ์‹ ์žฌ์ƒ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Šค๋‹ค๋ฅด ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ™œ๋™ ์ค‘ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ˆ˜์š” ๊ฐ์†Œ, ํ์ž์žฌ์˜ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉ๊ณผ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งˆ์Šค๋‹ค๋ฅด ์‹œํ‹ฐ ์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—์–ด์ปจ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์œˆ๋“œ ์บ์ฒ˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋งˆ์Šค๋‹ค๋ฅด ์‹œํ‹ฐ ์•ˆ์„ ์‹œ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์œˆ๋“œ ์บ์ฒ˜์˜ ํƒ€์›Œ ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฏธ์„ธ ๋ถ„๋ฌด ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ฌด ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰๊ฐ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ํžŒ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ ธ์„œ ํƒ€์›Œ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์Šค๋‹ค๋ฅด ์‹œํ‹ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊น”๋•Œ๊ธฐ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด์–ด์„œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์˜ ์ด๋™์„ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์‹œ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค€๋‹ค.

๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ๋„ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋…๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. 2009๋…„์— ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ž๋Š” ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด์„œ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง€์‹ ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ์—ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„์‹œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€์‹ ์ฐฝ๊ตฌ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ ์„ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค. ๋” ์พจ๋ฒจ์€ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐ์—…์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ ์„ ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์‹œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์˜›๋‚ ์—๋Š” ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ์กฐ์„ ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋˜ ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ ์ˆ˜์งˆ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์นœํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋„์‹œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์ค‘ ์•„์ฟ ์•„ ํฌ๋‹‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์กฐ์— ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ , ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์— ๋ฐฐ๋‡จํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์„ ์‹๋ฌผ์— ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹๋ฌผ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜์–‘๋ถ„์„ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹๋ฌผ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๋˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ์—ฌ๊ณผํ•ด์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ˆ˜์กฐ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ์ˆœํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์—๋„ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์ค‘ ์„ธ์ข… ์‹ ๋„์‹œ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ 3๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ธ์ฆ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‘๋ฐ”์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ๋„์‹œ, ์†ก๋„๋„ 1์„ธ๋Œ€ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์†ก๋„์—์„œ ํ™”์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ CCTV๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ†ต์ œ์„ผํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด ์ค€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ํ™”์žฌ์šฉ ๋“œ๋ก ์€ ๋†’์€ ๊ณณ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉํ˜ธํ’ˆ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด ์ค€๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋„ ํ™”์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ CCTV๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•ด ํ†ต์ œ์„ผํ„ฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์  ์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ CCTV๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ‘œ์ •์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. 

์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žฅ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์šฉํ™”๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ์ผ์ƒ ์†์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค(์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ™”์žฌ, ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค). ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ๋‹ค. ๋„์‹œ ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋นˆ๋ถ€๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์šฉํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„์‹œ์— ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•œ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธ์‹œํ‹ฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์–‘์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ƒํ’ˆ์ด ๋˜์–ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ๋„ ๋†’์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

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